Как выбрать солнечный насос для глубоких скважин: подробное объяснение понятий «напор», «расход» и «напряжение»

Deep wells and boreholes need a pump that can lift water from significant depth using only the power available from solar panels. Choosing the wrong model leads to weak flow, motor stress or a system that stalls in weaker sunlight. This guide explains the three numbers that decide everything — head, flow and voltage — and how to match them to a deep well solar pump.

Step 1: Work Out the Total Dynamic Head

Head is the total height the pump must push water, and it is the single most important number in deep well pump selection. It includes three parts: the vertical distance from the water level inside the well to the ground (not the well depth — the water level matters), the additional height from the ground up to your storage tank outlet, and the friction loss in the pipe, which grows with long or narrow pipes.

Measure the static water level and also ask the driller for the drawdown level — the level while pumping. Always select the pump against the pumping level plus tank height plus pipe loss, with some margin. A pump chosen only by well depth is very often oversized or undersized.

Step 2: Confirm the Flow Rate You Actually Need

Flow rate should come from your daily water demand, not from the biggest number in a catalogue. Add up the daily consumption — household use, livestock, irrigation area — in cubic meters per day, then divide by the effective sunshine hours at your site. That gives the flow the pump must deliver during solar hours.

Remember that head and flow trade off against each other: the same pump delivers less flow at higher head. Check the performance curve at YOUR head, and size a storage tank for at least one day of demand so the system rides through cloudy spells without batteries.

Step 3: Match the Voltage Platform and Solar Array

Deep well solar pumps run on DC voltage platforms supplied by a solar array through a pump controller. Higher lift and larger flow need a higher power and usually a higher voltage platform. The solar array must supply enough voltage for the controller to start the pump early in the morning and enough power to hold the duty point through the day.

A wide voltage solar water pump tolerates a broader input range, which helps in regions with variable sunlight. If grid or generator power is available as backup, an AC/DC hybrid pump can keep pumping at night or in bad weather.

Pump Construction: Why Materials Matter in Boreholes

• Stainless steel pump bodies and impellers resist corrosion and sand wear — important for long service life inside a borehole, as used in our stainless steel solar submersible pump.
• Brushless DC motors avoid brush replacement, which matters because pulling a pump out of a deep borehole for service is expensive, as in the brushless DC solar water pump.
• For sandy or high-solids wells, a screw (helical rotor) pump such as the DC screw solar water pump handles low flow at high head with good tolerance.
• Check the pump outer diameter against your borehole casing size before ordering.

Deep Well Solar Pump Selection Checklist

• Borehole casing inner diameter
• Static water level and pumping (drawdown) water level
• Tank height and distance from wellhead, pipe diameter and length
• Daily water demand in cubic meters
• Effective sunshine hours at the site
• Backup power available (grid or generator) — yes or no

Send these six items to your supplier and you will get an accurate pump model, controller and panel configuration instead of a guess.

Часто задаваемые вопросы

Does well depth equal head?

No. The pump works against the water level while pumping, plus tank height and pipe friction — not the drilled depth. A 100 m borehole with water standing at 30 m is a very different duty from one with water at 90 m.

What if my borehole is narrow?

Check the pump outer diameter first. Submersible deep well solar pumps are built in slim profiles for standard casings, but the exact model must fit your casing with clearance for cooling flow.

Do I need batteries for a deep well pump?

Usually not. Pumping into an elevated storage tank during the day is cheaper and simpler than batteries. Add batteries or a hybrid AC/DC model only if you must pump at night.

Request a Deep Well Pump Configuration

Компания «Suntrica» поставляет deep well DC solar pumps and complete solar water pump systems with matched panels and controllers. Send your borehole data through the contact page and our engineers will reply with a recommended model, performance data and quotation.

Сопутствующие солнечные продукты и решения

• Солнечный насос постоянного тока для глубоких скважин
• Погружной солнечный насос из нержавеющей стали
• Погружной водяной насос на солнечных батареях постоянного тока
• Solar Water Pump Sizing Guide for Farms and Wells
• Солнечный водяной насос против дизельного насоса: сравнение затрат и расходов на техническое обслуживание